Acne

Managing Acne

Acne is a common skin condition that can affect people of all ages, primarily characterized by pimples, blackheads, and cysts.

Effective management involves a combination of proper skincare, lifestyle changes, and the use of appropriate treatments.

Managing Skin Conditions Including Acne

1. Understanding Acne Triggers:

   • Hormonal Changes: Fluctuations during puberty, menstrual cycles, or hormonal disorders can increase oil production.
   • Diet: Some studies suggest that high-glycemic foods (like sugar and refined carbs) and dairy may exacerbate acne for some individuals.
   • Stress: Stress can worsen acne, as it may trigger hormonal changes.

2. Establish a Daily Skincare Routine:

   • Cleanser: Use a gentle, non-comedogenic cleanser suitable for acne-prone skin. Cleanse your face twice daily to remove excess oil and dirt.
   • Moisturiser: Even oily skin needs hydration. Choose a lightweight, oil-free, non-comedogenic moisturiser to avoid clogging pores.
   • Sunscreen: Use a broad-spectrum, oil-free sunscreen daily to protect your skin, especially if using acne treatments that can make skin more sensitive to sunlight.

3. Lifestyle Measures:

   • Dietary Changes: Incorporate a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Limit intake of processed foods, sugars, and dairy if you notice they worsen your acne.
   • Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep your skin hydrated.
   • Avoid Touching Your Face: Keep your hands away from your face to minimize transferring oils and bacteria.
   • Regular Exercise: Physical activity can help reduce stress and improve overall skin health. Remember to cleanse your skin after sweating to prevent clogged pores.

Using Over-the-Counter Treatments Appropriately

Over-the-counter (OTC) acne treatments can be effective for mild to moderate acne. Here’s how to use them appropriately:

1. Benzoyl Peroxide:

   • How It Works: Reduces bacteria and helps to unclog pores.
   • Usage: Start with a low concentration (2.5% to 5%) applied once daily to the affected area. Gradually increase to twice daily if tolerated. Avoid excessive application to prevent irritation.

2. Salicylic Acid:

   • How It Works: Exfoliates the skin and helps unclog pores, preventing the formation of new acne.
   • Usage: Apply to affected areas once or twice daily. Choose formulations with concentrations of 0.5% to 2%.

      

Usage: Use a pea-sized amount applied to clean, dry skin once daily, preferably at night. Gradually introduce it into your routine to minimize irritation.

Treatments from a GP

See a GP if your acne is moderate or severe, or medicine from your pharmacy has not worked, as you probably need prescription medicine.

Prescription medicines that can be used to treat acne include:

• topical retinoids
• topical antibiotics
• azelaic acid
• antibiotic tablets
• in women, the combined contraceptive pill

If you have severe acne, or prescription medicines are not working, your GP can refer you to an expert in treating skin conditions (dermatologist).

For example, if:

• you have a large number of papules and pustules on your chest and back, as well as your face

• you have painful nodules

• you have scarring, or are at risk of scarring

• your condition is making you feel very low or anxious

For mild to moderate or moderate to severe acne, you’ll usually be started on a combination of topical treatments, or antibiotic tablets combined with topical treatments.

Hormonal therapies or the combined oral contraceptive pill can also be effective in women who have acne.

But the progestogen-only pill or contraceptive implant can sometimes make acne worse.

Many of these treatments can take 2 to 3 months before they start to work.

It's important to be patient and persist with a recommended treatment, even if there's no immediate effect.

Important Tips for Using OTC Treatments

• Patch Test: Before using any new product, perform a patch test on a small area of skin to check for allergic reactions or irritation.
• Combination Therapy: Some patients benefit from using a combination of products (e.g., benzoyl peroxide with salicylic acid). However, be cautious to avoid excessive drying or irritation.
• Follow Instructions: Always read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions for each product.
• Monitor Skin Reaction: If you experience significant irritation (redness, burning, or peeling), reduce the frequency of application or discontinue use.

When to Seek Medical Advice

If your acne does not improve with OTC treatments after several weeks or if it becomes severe, cystic, or leads to scarring, consult a healthcare professional. They may recommend prescription treatments, such as topical or oral antibiotics, hormonal treatments, or isotretinoin, depending on the severity of your condition.

Managing acne effectively requires a combination of proper skincare, lifestyle modifications, and appropriate use of OTC treatments. By understanding your skin's needs and following a structured approach, you can achieve clearer skin and improve your confidence. If you have any concerns or persistent symptoms, don’t hesitate to seek advice from your healthcare provider or dermatologist