Neurodiversity

The links below are provided to help bring resources together for you, the content provided is managed by others and we are not responsible for this but hope you find it useful.

Please note that the 'ADHD right to choose' pathway providers may allow you to be seen earlier than a local referral. Please scroll down to find out more about the RTC pathway and its limitations, please check the list to ensure the RTC provider is correct for you prior to asking your school for a referral

This may allow an assessment and diagnosis if appropriate but your chosen provider may not be able to provide medications or look after you under a shared care with your GP.

This may result in you starting the process locally and then having to await medication options if appropriate.

ADHD and ASD: Understanding the Conditions and Seeking a Diagnosis

What is ADHD?

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects concentration, impulse control, and energy levels. ADHD symptoms can vary from mild to severe and are generally categorised into two main types: Inattentive and Hyperactive-Impulsive.

Common Symptoms of ADHD

• Inattentive Symptoms: Difficulty focusing on tasks, being easily distracted, frequently losing items, and struggling with organisation.
• Hyperactive-Impulsive Symptoms: Restlessness, difficulty staying still, excessive talking, impulsivity, and interrupting others.

ADHD affects both children and adults, though symptoms may appear differently in each. Many adults with ADHD may have gone undiagnosed during childhood, as awareness of ADHD has increased in recent years.

What is ASD?

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong developmental disorder that affects communication, social interaction, and behaviour. It is called a “spectrum” disorder because it encompasses a range of symptoms and abilities.

Common Symptoms of ASD

• Communication and Social Challenges: Difficulty understanding nonverbal cues, trouble forming relationships, and challenges with verbal communication.
• Behavioural and Sensory Differences: Preference for routine, strong interest in specific subjects, sensitivity to sensory stimuli (e.g., loud noises or bright lights).

Each person with ASD is unique and may have different strengths and challenges. ASD can sometimes be accompanied by other conditions, such as ADHD, anxiety, or learning disabilities.

Seeking a Diagnosis for ADHD and ASD in the UK

If you suspect you or your child may have ADHD or ASD, getting a formal diagnosis can provide access to support, therapies, and, if needed, medications. Here’s how to pursue a diagnosis in the UK:

1. Talk to Your School team to request a referral

• Often referrals from schools or community groups can help provide more supporting information to help with a diagnosis. Details of referral forms can be found on the links below under CAMHS.

• Referral to Specialists: Your GP can refer you to a specialist, such as a psychiatrist, paediatrician, or clinical psychologist, for an assessment. This is particularly important for a full evaluation as these specialists have the expertise to diagnose ADHD and ASD.

2. NHS Pathway for Diagnosis

• ADHD: An ADHD diagnosis typically involves a detailed assessment of symptoms, a medical history review, and may include input from people close to you, such as family or teachers. This process is usually managed by a specialist in mental health or neurodevelopmental conditions.

• ASD: An ASD diagnosis is usually conducted by a multidisciplinary team, including psychologists, speech therapists, and paediatricians. The assessment often involves interviews, questionnaires, and observing behaviours.

• Wait Times: NHS assessments can have long waiting times, sometimes up to several months or years. 

3. Private Diagnosis Options

If wait times for an NHS assessment are too long, you may consider a private diagnosis. Private assessments can be more costly, but they may offer faster access to support. Private healthcare providers and clinics in the UK often offer ADHD and ASD assessments, but it’s essential to choose a reputable provider with experience in diagnosing these conditions.

After Diagnosis: Available Treatments and Support

Once diagnosed, several options can help manage ADHD or ASD symptoms and improve quality of life.

ADHD Treatment and Support

• Medications: Stimulant medications (e.g., methylphenidate) and non-stimulant medications (e.g., atomoxetine) are often prescribed to help manage ADHD symptoms. These medications must be prescribed and monitored by a specialist.

• Behavioural Therapy: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and other behavioural therapies can help with organisational skills, impulse control, and social challenges.

• Lifestyle and Support: Regular exercise, a structured routine, and support with organisational skills can make a significant difference. Support groups like ADHD UK and ADDISS provide resources and community connections.

ASD Support and Interventions

• Therapies: Speech and language therapy, occupational therapy, and behavioural interventions can help manage communication and social skills, as well as daily living skills.

• Educational Support: Many children with ASD qualify for additional support in school through an Education, Health, and Care (EHC) plan, which can provide tailored support to meet their needs.

• Support Groups and Charities: Organisations like The National Autistic Society (NAS) and Ambitious about Autism offer resources, helplines, and community support for people with ASD and their families.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT RIGHT TO CHOOSE PATHWAY 

A diagnosis for ADHD or ASD can open up access to helpful resources and support, empowering you to manage symptoms effectively. For further information, visit ADHD UK or The National Autistic Society (NAS) websites, which offer guidance, local support options, and resources to assist with the journey following a diagnosis.