Advice for Female NHS Patients with Regular Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in women and can cause discomfort and inconvenience. If you're experiencing frequent UTIs, it’s important to understand the steps you can take to help reduce their frequency and promote better urinary health. Below are some practical self-care tips and lifestyle changes that may help prevent UTIs:
1. Good Hygiene Practices
Proper hygiene is essential to reduce the risk of UTIs. Follow these tips for maintaining good genital and urinary health:
- Wipe from front to back: After using the toilet, always wipe from front to back to avoid transferring bacteria from the rectum to the urethra.
- Avoid vaginal douching: Douching can upset the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, which can increase the risk of infection. It's best to avoid douching altogether as it can disturb the healthy flora that protects against infections.
- Use mild soap: When cleaning the genital area, use a mild, unscented soap and warm water. Avoid harsh soaps, perfumes, or bubble baths that may irritate the area.
- Wear breathable underwear: Choose cotton underwear and avoid tight-fitting clothes that can trap moisture and heat, creating an environment that bacteria thrive in.
2. Voiding Your Bladder Regularly
Regularly emptying your bladder can help prevent UTIs by flushing bacteria out of the urinary tract. Here are some tips:
- Don’t hold your urine: Try not to delay urination when you feel the urge. Holding urine for long periods can increase the risk of developing a UTI, as it allows bacteria to multiply in the urinary tract.
- Ensure full bladder emptying: When you use the toilet, make sure to fully empty your bladder to avoid leaving any residual urine, which can increase the risk of infection.
- Urinate after sexual intercourse: Urinating after sex can help flush out any bacteria that may have been introduced during sexual activity. It’s also important for both partners to maintain good hygiene before sexual contact.
3. Dietary and Health Changes to Prevent UTIs
Certain lifestyle changes can help reduce the frequency of UTIs and promote overall health:
- Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water helps to flush out toxins and bacteria from your urinary tract. Aim for at least 6–8 glasses of water a day.
- Cranberry products: Some evidence suggests that cranberry juice or cranberry supplements may help prevent UTIs by preventing bacteria from sticking to the urinary tract walls. However, this is not a cure, and it should not replace antibiotics when necessary. Always speak to your doctor before taking cranberry supplements if you have any health conditions.
- Manage diabetes: If you have diabetes, it's important to manage your blood sugar levels. High blood sugar can increase the risk of UTIs by promoting bacterial growth in the urinary tract. Work with your healthcare provider to keep your diabetes under control.
- Quit smoking: Smoking can weaken your immune system and make you more prone to infections. If you smoke, consider seeking support to help quit, as this will benefit your overall health and help reduce your risk of UTIs.
- Maintain a healthy weight: Achieving and maintaining a healthy body mass index (BMI) can improve overall health and reduce the risk of UTIs. If you are overweight or obese, consider adopting a balanced diet and regular exercise routine to reach a healthier weight.
4. When to Seek Medical Advice
If you experience symptoms of a UTI such as painful urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, lower abdominal pain, or blood in the urine, it’s important to seek medical advice promptly. UTIs require proper treatment, usually antibiotics, to prevent the infection from spreading to the kidneys or other parts of the urinary tract.
5. Probiotics for Urinary Health
Some women find that taking probiotics, which promote healthy gut bacteria, can help maintain a healthy balance in the urinary tract. Probiotics are available in foods like yogurt or as supplements. Discuss with your GP or pharmacist before starting probiotics to ensure they are appropriate for you.
6. Avoid Irritating Products
Certain products can irritate the urinary tract, making UTIs more likely. Avoid using products such as:
- Scented toilet paper or feminine hygiene products that may cause irritation.
- Bubble baths, scented pads, or sanitary towels that contain chemicals or fragrances.
By taking these preventative measures, you can reduce your risk of developing a UTI and improve your overall urinary health. If you have frequent or recurring UTIs, it's essential to discuss with your GP, as they may recommend further tests or treatments, such as a course of antibiotics, or refer you to a specialist for further investigation.
Remember: If you experience any unusual or severe symptoms, seek medical advice promptly to avoid complications and ensure the best possible care.